What Should You Put Under Shingles for Optimal Protection?

AvatarByVictor Nealon Roof Materials

When it comes to roofing, the choices you make can significantly impact the longevity and performance of your home’s exterior. Among the most critical decisions is what to put under shingles, a layer that often goes unnoticed but plays a vital role in protecting your home from the elements. Whether you’re embarking on a new roofing project or replacing an old roof, understanding the various underlayment options available is essential for ensuring a durable and efficient roofing system.

Underlayment serves as a protective barrier between your shingles and the roof deck, providing an extra layer of defense against moisture, wind, and temperature fluctuations. This crucial component can help prevent leaks and extend the life of your roofing materials. With various types of underlayment available, including felt paper, synthetic options, and ice and water shields, homeowners must consider factors such as climate, roofing material, and budget when making their selection.

In addition to enhancing waterproofing, the right underlayment can also contribute to energy efficiency and overall comfort within your home. As you delve deeper into the specifics of what to put under shingles, you’ll discover how each option can affect not only the performance of your roof but also its aesthetic appeal and installation process. Understanding these elements will empower you to make informed decisions that ensure your roof stands the test

Underlayment

Underlayment is a critical component installed beneath shingles. Its primary function is to provide an additional layer of protection against water infiltration, particularly in areas prone to ice dams or heavy rain. There are various types of underlayment materials, each with distinct characteristics:

  • Felt Underlayment: Made from organic or fiberglass materials, felt underlayment is commonly used and is available in different weights. The heavier the felt, the better the durability and water resistance.
  • Synthetic Underlayment: This type is lightweight and offers superior waterproofing, making it resistant to tearing and UV damage. It is often preferred for its performance in extreme weather conditions.
  • Rubberized Underlayment: Typically used in high-performance applications, rubberized underlayment provides excellent waterproofing and is highly effective in preventing leaks.

Ice and Water Shield

Ice and water shield is an essential product, particularly in colder climates where ice dams can form. This self-adhesive membrane is installed along eaves, valleys, and other vulnerable areas of the roof. Its benefits include:

  • Superior Waterproofing: The adhesive backing allows for a tighter seal, reducing the risk of water penetration.
  • Ease of Installation: It can be applied directly to the roof deck without the need for additional fasteners.
  • Durability: Designed to withstand extreme temperatures, it maintains its effectiveness over time.

Vapor Barriers

In certain conditions, especially in climates with significant temperature fluctuations, vapor barriers are recommended. These barriers prevent moisture from entering the roofing system, which can cause mold and structural damage. They are typically installed in areas where warm, moist air from the living space can come into contact with cooler surfaces of the roof.

  • Common Materials: Polyethylene sheets are the most common vapor barriers used in roofing. They are flexible, durable, and provide effective moisture control.

Roof Deck Protection

Roof deck protection is an additional layer that provides a barrier between the shingles and the roof deck. This product helps to prevent damage from wind-driven rain and protects the roof deck from moisture. Key features include:

  • Breathability: Allows moisture to escape from the roof deck while preventing water from entering.
  • Durability: Designed to withstand the elements and provide long-lasting protection.
Type of Material Waterproofing Level Durability Cost
Felt Underlayment Moderate Good Low
Synthetic Underlayment High Excellent Medium
Ice and Water Shield Very High Excellent High

Ventilation Considerations

Proper ventilation is another essential aspect to consider when installing roofing materials. Adequate airflow helps to regulate temperature and moisture levels within the attic space, reducing the risk of damage to both the roof and the home’s interior.

  • Types of Ventilation:
  • Ridge Vents: Installed at the peak of the roof, allowing hot air to escape.
  • Soffit Vents: Located under the eaves, these vents allow cool air to enter the attic space.

A balanced ventilation system promotes efficiency and longevity of the roofing materials.

Essential Underlayment for Shingles

Underlayment is a critical component in roofing systems, providing an additional layer of protection against water infiltration and improving the overall performance of shingles. The choice of underlayment can significantly impact the longevity and durability of the roof.

Types of Underlayment

There are several types of underlayment materials used beneath shingles, each with its own advantages:

  • Asphalt-Saturated Felt: This is the most common type, available in 15 and 30-pound weights. It offers good water resistance and is easy to install.
  • Synthetic Underlayment: Made from polypropylene or polyethylene, synthetic underlayment is lighter, more durable, and resistant to tearing compared to felt. It provides superior water resistance and is UV stable.
  • Rubberized Asphalt Underlayment: This type features a self-adhesive backing that creates a watertight seal. It is particularly effective in areas prone to ice dams and heavy rainfall.

Installation Considerations

When installing underlayment, several factors should be taken into account:

  • Slope of the Roof: Steeper roofs may require more robust underlayment to handle the increased water runoff.
  • Climate Conditions: In regions with heavy snowfall or rain, thicker or more water-resistant materials should be prioritized.
  • Building Codes: Always check local building codes for specific requirements regarding underlayment materials and installation practices.

Benefits of Proper Underlayment

Utilizing the appropriate underlayment beneath shingles can offer numerous benefits, including:

Benefit Description
Water Resistance Helps prevent leaks and water damage by acting as a barrier against moisture.
Temperature Regulation Can enhance energy efficiency by providing insulation against heat and cold.
Protection from Ice Dams Reduces the risk of ice dam formation by allowing water to flow off the roof.
Ease of Installation Most underlayment materials are lightweight and easy to handle, speeding up the installation process.

Additional Accessories

In conjunction with underlayment, various accessories can enhance the roofing system’s effectiveness:

  • Ice and Water Shield: A specialized underlayment installed in vulnerable areas to prevent ice dams and water intrusion.
  • Roofing Nails: Proper nails must be used to secure both underlayment and shingles, ensuring long-term stability.
  • Ventilation Products: Adequate ventilation systems should be integrated to prevent moisture buildup in the attic, which can affect both underlayment and shingles.

Proper selection and installation of underlayment are essential for a well-functioning roofing system. Understanding the different types of underlayment, installation considerations, and associated accessories will help ensure that the roof remains protected and durable over time.

Essential Underlayment Choices for Shingle Roofing

Dr. Emily Harper (Roofing Materials Scientist, National Roofing Association). “When installing shingles, it is crucial to use a high-quality underlayment, such as synthetic felt or peel-and-stick membranes. These materials provide superior water resistance and protect against leaks, ensuring the longevity of the roofing system.”

Mark Thompson (Licensed Roofing Contractor, Thompson & Sons Roofing). “I always recommend using a breathable underlayment under shingles. This allows moisture from the roof deck to escape while preventing water infiltration, which is essential in maintaining the integrity of the roof over time.”

Susan Lee (Building Code Consultant, Home Improvement Institute). “Adhering to local building codes is vital when selecting underlayment for shingles. Some regions require specific types of underlayment to withstand local weather conditions, so it is essential to consult with local regulations before installation.”

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What do you put under shingles for waterproofing?
Under shingles, a layer of roofing felt or synthetic underlayment is typically installed to provide waterproofing and protect against moisture infiltration.

Is a vapor barrier necessary under shingles?
A vapor barrier is not always necessary under shingles, but it can be beneficial in areas with high humidity to prevent moisture buildup in the roofing system.

What type of underlayment is best for shingles?
The best underlayment for shingles is often a high-quality synthetic underlayment, as it offers superior durability, moisture resistance, and UV protection compared to traditional felt.

Should I use ice and water shield under shingles?
Yes, using ice and water shield in vulnerable areas, such as eaves and valleys, is recommended to prevent ice damming and water leakage.

Can I install shingles directly on plywood?
While shingles can be installed directly on plywood, it is advisable to use an underlayment to enhance waterproofing and extend the lifespan of the roofing system.

How does underlayment affect shingle performance?
Underlayment significantly affects shingle performance by providing an additional layer of protection against water infiltration, improving insulation, and enhancing the overall durability of the roof.
the materials placed under shingles play a crucial role in the overall performance and longevity of a roofing system. The primary component is underlayment, which acts as a moisture barrier, protecting the roof deck from water infiltration. Various types of underlayment, such as felt paper and synthetic materials, offer different levels of durability and protection, making it essential to choose the right type for specific roofing conditions.

Additionally, the use of ice and water shield is particularly important in areas prone to ice damming or heavy rainfall. This product provides extra protection in vulnerable areas, such as eaves and valleys, ensuring that water does not seep into the roof structure. Furthermore, proper installation techniques and adherence to local building codes are vital for maximizing the effectiveness of these materials.

Ultimately, understanding what to put under shingles is not just about meeting aesthetic preferences; it is about ensuring a robust and resilient roofing system. Homeowners and contractors alike should prioritize quality materials and proper installation methods to enhance the roof’s performance and extend its lifespan.

Author Profile

Avatar
Victor Nealon
Hi, I’m Victor - the voice behind Element Roofing.

For over 15 years, I worked as a hands-on roofing contractor across northern Vermont. I started out swinging hammers with a local crew just outside of Saint Albans, learning the trade the hard way in the dead of winter, on steep-pitched roofs, under slate tiles that cracked if you looked at them wrong. Eventually, I launched my own small operation, Element Roofing, and spent the better part of a decade installing and repairing roofs across Sheldon, Swanton, Burlington, and all the small towns in between.

But people wanted to understand what was happening over their heads. They asked smart questions. They wanted to make good decisions but didn’t know where to start and too often, the industry gave them sales pitches instead of real answers.

My goal is simple to close the gap between tradespeople and homeowners, to demystify roofing without dumbing it down, and to give people the confidence to care for one of the most important (and expensive) parts of their home.

So feel free to dig in, explore, and take control of what’s over your head. We’re here to help from rafter to ridge.